Bioplastique ikozwe muri bio-polymers kandi ikorwa hifashishijwe umutungo urambye kandi ushobora kuvugururwa, nkibigori cyangwa ibisheke.
Bioplastique ikora hafi yingana na plastiki ikozwe muri peteroli, kandi irahita ibarenga mubyamamare nkibikoresho byo gupakira.Ubuhanuzi bugaragara bwatanzwe n'abahanga ni uko ibinyabuzima bishobora kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere kugeza 70%.Zifite kandi ingufu zingana na 65% mugihe zakozwe, bigatuma aribwo buryo bwangiza ibidukikije.
Nubwo hariho ubundi bwoko bwinshi bwa bioplastique, aside polylactique (PLA) ishingiye kubipfunyika nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane.Ku bakariso bashaka ibikoresho byiza ariko byangiza ibidukikije kugirango bapakire ikawa yabo, PLA ifite amahirwe menshi.
Ariko, kubera ko imifuka yikawa ya PLA isubirwamo gusa kandi ikabora ibinyabuzima mugihe cyihariye, birashobora kwibasirwa nicyatsi.Ikariso hamwe nikawawa bigomba kumenyesha abakiriya imiterere yububiko bwa PLA no kujugunywa neza kuko amabwiriza agenga urwego rwibinyabuzima rukura vuba.
Komeza usome kugirango umenye uburyo bwo kuvugana nabakiriya igihe bifata kugirango imifuka yikawa ya PLA isenyuke.
PLA ni iki?
Ubucuruzi bwa fibre synthique yahinduwe na Wallace Carothers, umuhanga wumunyamerika akaba numuvumbuzi, uzwi cyane mugutezimbere nylon na polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Byongeye kandi, yasanze PLA.Carothers hamwe nabandi bahanga basanze aside ya lactique isukuye ishobora guhinduka no guhuzwa muri polymers.
Kurinda ibiryo gakondo, uburyohe, hamwe nubuvuzi bukiza birimo aside ya lactique.Mu kuyisembura hamwe na krahisi hamwe na polysaccharide cyangwa isukari nyinshi mu bimera, irashobora guhinduka polymers.
Ibisubizo bya polymer birashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibintu bidafite ubumara, biodegradable thermoplastique.
Kurwanya ubukanishi nubushyuhe buracyari buke.Kubera iyo mpamvu, yatakaje polyethylene terephthalate, yari iboneka cyane muri kiriya gihe.
Nubwo bimeze gurtyo, PLA irashobora gukoreshwa muri biomedicine kubera uburemere buke hamwe na biocompatibilité, cyane cyane nkibikoresho byubwubatsi bwa tissue scafold, suture, cyangwa screw.
Ibi bintu birashobora kuguma mumwanya muto mbere yo kwangirika ubwabyo kandi nta byangiritse tubikesha PLA.
Nyuma yigihe, byagaragaye ko guhuza PLA hamwe na krahisi zimwe zishobora kuzamura imikorere yayo hamwe na biodegradabilite mugihe igabanya ibicuruzwa.Ibi byagize uruhare mu gukora firime ya PLA ishobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa byoroshye iyo bihujwe no gutera inshinge hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gutunganya ibishonga.
Abashakashatsi bateganya ko PLA izahinduka igiciro cyiza cyo gutanga umusaruro, iyi ikaba ari inkuru nziza kuri kawa na kawa.
Mu gihe icyifuzo cyo gupakira cyoroshye cyiyongera bitewe n’uko abakiriya bahitamo ibikoresho byo gupakira ibidukikije ndetse n’ibishobora gukoreshwa, isoko rya PLA ku isi riteganijwe kurenga miliyoni 2.7 $ mu 2030.
Byongeye kandi, PLA irashobora gukorwa mu myanda y’ubuhinzi n’amashyamba kugirango yirinde guhangana n’ibiribwa.
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugirango imifuka ya kawa ya PLA ibore?
Polimeri gakondo ikozwe muri peteroli irashobora gufata imyaka igihumbi kugirango ibore.
Ubundi, gusenyuka kwa PLA muri dioxyde de carbone (CO2) namazi bishobora gufata igihe cyose kuva kumezi atandatu kugeza kumyaka ibiri.
Nubwo bimeze gurtyo, ibikoresho byo gukusanya PLA biracyahinduka mubucuruzi bugenda bwiyongera.16% gusa by’imyanda ishobora gukusanywa mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.
Bitewe nuko ubwinshi bwibipfunyika bya PLA, birashoboka ko byanduza imigezi itandukanye, kuvanga na plastiki zisanzwe, bikarangirira mumyanda cyangwa gutwika.
Imifuka ya kawa ikozwe muri PLA igomba kujugunywa mu kigo cyihariye cyo gufumbira inganda aho zishobora kubora.Bitewe nubushyuhe runaka bwubushyuhe nubunini bwa karubone, ogisijeni, na azote, iki gikorwa gishobora gufata iminsi 180.
Niba ipaki ya PLA idatesha agaciro muribi bihe, inzira irashobora kubyara microplastique, mbi kubidukikije.
Kuberako gupakira ikawa bidakunze kubakwa mubintu bimwe, inzira iragorana.Kurugero, ubwinshi bwimifuka yikawa harimo zipper, amabati, cyangwa indangagaciro.
Irashobora kandi gutondekwa kugirango itange urwego rwinyongera rwo kwirwanaho.Bitewe nuko bishoboka ko buri kintu kigomba gutunganywa ukundi, ibintu nkibi bishobora gutuma imifuka yikawa ya PLA igorana kuyijugunya.
Gukoresha imifuka ya kawa ya PLA
Kuri roaster nyinshi, gukoresha PLA mugupakira ikawa nuburyo bwiza kandi bwangiza ibidukikije.
Inyungu imwe yingenzi nuko ikawa ikaranze hamwe nikawa ikaranze nibicuruzwa byumye.Ibi bivuze ko nyuma yo gukoreshwa, imifuka yikawa ya PLA idafite umwanda kandi ntigomba gusukurwa.
Abakiriya barashobora kandi gufasha abatekamutwe hamwe nikawawa byemeza ko gupakira PLA bidahungabana mumyanda.Abakiriya bagomba gusobanukirwa ibikapu bya kawa ya PLA bigomba gushyirwaho nyuma yo gukoreshwa.Ibi birashobora kugerwaho mugushiraho amabwiriza yo gutandukana no gutunganya ibicuruzwa bya kawa.
Niba nta bikoresho byo gukusanya no gutunganya PLA biboneka muri kariya gace, roaster na kawa zikawa zirashobora gushishikariza abakiriya gusubiza ibyo bapakira ubusa kugirango bagure ikawa ihendutse.
Noneho, abayobozi b'ikigo barashobora kwemeza ko imifuka ya kawa yubusa ya PLA yoherejwe kurubuga rukwiye.
Guta ibikoresho bya PLA birashobora koroha mugihe cya vuba.By'umwihariko, ibihugu 175 byiyemeje guhagarika umwanda wa plastike mu Nteko y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije mu 2022.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu gihe kiri imbere, guverinoma nyinshi zishobora gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo bikenewe mu gutunganya ibinyabuzima.
Urugendo rwo gufata ibinyabuzima rugenda rwiyongera kuko imyanda ya pulasitike ikomeje kwangiza ibidukikije kandi bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu n’inyamaswa.
Mugukorana ninzobere mu gupakira ikawa, urashobora gukoresha ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije bifite ingaruka rwose kandi bidatera ibibazo bishya kubantu.
Cyan Pak igurisha imifuka yikawa itandukanye ishobora guhindurwa hamwe na PLA imbere.Iyo uhujwe nimpapuro zubukorikori, zirema biodegradable rwose kubakiriya.
Ibipfunyika kandi birimo ibikoresho bisubirwamo, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, hamwe nifumbire mvaruganda nkimpapuro z'umuceri, byose bikozwe mubintu bishobora kuvugururwa.
Byongeye kandi, turashobora gukoresha icapiro rya digitale kugirango tumenye imifuka yikawa hamwe no gutandukanya amabwiriza.Turashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa bike byibuze (MOQs) byo gupakira ubunini cyangwa ibikoresho.
Impanuka zo kumanura zishobora gukoreshwa rwose kandi zidafite BPA nazo zirahari;barashobora gutunganyirizwa hamwe nibindi bikoresho bya kawa.Iyi mibande ntabwo ikora ibicuruzwa byorohereza abakoresha gusa ahubwo binagabanya ingaruka mbi ziterwa nikawawa kubidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-19-2023