Bioplastics inogadzirwa ne-bio-based polymers uye inogadzirwa uchishandisa zviwanikwa uye zvinogonekazve, sechibage kana nzimbe.
Bioplastics inoshanda zvakaenzana kumapurasitiki akagadzirwa kubva mupetroleum, uye ari kukurumidza kuvabata mukuzivikanwa sechinhu chekurongedza.Kufanotaura kunoshamisa kubva kumasaenzi ndeyekuti bioplastics inogona kucheka kuburitsa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi ne70%.Ivo zvakare vane 65% yakawanda simba rinoshanda pavanenge vachigadzirwa, zvichiita kuti ive iyo inonyanya kukoshesa sarudzo.
Kunyange zvazvo kune mamwe marudzi akawanda ebioplastics, polylactic acid (PLA)-based packaging ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa yakasiyana-siyana.Kune vanogocha vanotsvaga yakanaka asi ine chekuita nemamiriro ekunze kuti vapeke kofi yavo, PLA ine mikana mikuru.
Nekudaro, nekuti mabhegi ekofi ePLA anongodzokororwa uye anogona kuomeswa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, ari panjodzi yekuwachwa.Vanogocha uye macafe ekofi anofanirwa kuzivisa vatengi nezve chimiro chePLA kurongedza uye kuraswa kwakaringana sezvo mutemo uchisvika kuchikamu chiri kukurumidza kukura bioplastics.
Ramba uchiverenga kuti udzidze nzira yekutaura kune vatengi kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti mabhegi ekofi ePLA aparare.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi PLA?
Bhizinesi rekugadzira fiber rakashandurwa naWallace Carothers, musayendisiti weAmerica uye muvambi, anozivikanwa zvakanyanya nekugadzira nylon uye polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Mukuwedzera, akawana PLA.Carothers uye mamwe masayendisiti akawana kuti yakachena lactic acid inogona kushandurwa uye kugadzirwa kuita mapolymers.
Zvokudya zvechinyakare zvinochengetedza, zvinonhuwirira, uye zvinorapa zvinosanganisira lactic acid.Nekuivirisa nestarch nemamwe mapolysaccharides kana shuga yakawanda mumiti, inogona kushandurwa kuita mapolymers.
Iyo inokonzeresa polymer inogona kushandiswa kugadzira isiri-chepfu, biodegradable thermoplastic filaments.
Michina yaro yemagetsi uye yekupisa inopikisa zvisinei zvakadaro zvishoma.Nekuda kweizvozvo, yakarasikirwa ne polyethylene terephthalate, iyo yaive yakanyanya kuwanikwa panguva iyoyo.
Zvisinei neizvi, PLA inogona kushandiswa mubiomedicine nekuda kwehuremu hwayo hwakaderera uye biocompatibility, kunyanya setishu engineering scaffold material, sutures, kana screws.
Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kugara munzvimbo kwechinguva zvisati zvadzikisira zvega uye pasina kukuvara nekuda kwePLA.
Nekufamba kwenguva, zvakaonekwa kuti kusanganisa PLA nemamwe mastachi kunogona kuwedzera mashandiro ayo uye biodegradability uku ichideredza mutengo wekugadzira.Izvi zvakabatsira mukusikwa kwefirimu rePLA raigona kushandiswa kugadzira mapeji anochinjika kana asanganiswa nekuumbwa kwejekiseni uye mamwe maitiro ekunyungudika.
Vatsvagiri vanofungidzira kuti PLA ichave yakanyanya kutengwa mutengo kugadzira, iri nhau dzakanaka dzekofi macafe uye vanogocha.
Sezvo kudiwa kwekurongedza kuchinjika kuchikwira nekuda kwesarudzo yevatengi kune zvakatipoteredza uye inodzokorodza kurongedza zvinhu, musika wepasi rose wePLA unotarisirwa kudarika madhora 2.7 miriyoni panosvika 2030.
Pamusoro pezvo, PLA inogona kugadzirwa kubva kumarara ekurima nemasango kudzivirira kukwikwidzana nezvinowanikwa zvekudya.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti mabhegi ekofi ePLA aore?
Mapolymer echinyakare akagadzirwa kubva mupetroleum anogona kutora kusvika chiuru chemakore kuora.
Neimwe nzira, kuparara kwePLA kuita carbon dioxide (CO2) uye mvura zvinogona kutora chero kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika makore maviri.
Zvisinei neizvi, zvivakwa zvekuunganidza zvePLA zvichiri kugadziridza kune iri kukura bioplastics bhizinesi.16% chete yemarara angangove ari kuunganidzwa muEuropean Union.
Nekuda kwekuwanda kwekurongedza kwePLA, zvinogoneka kuti isvibise hova dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisa nemapurasitiki akajairwa, uye inopedzisira yave mumarapi kana kupisa.
Mabhegi ekofi akagadzirwa nePLA anofanirwa kuraswa panzvimbo ine hunyanzvi hwekugadzira manyowani uko anogona kuora zvachose.Nekuda kweimwe seti yetembiricha chaiyo uye huwandu hwekabhoni, okisijeni, uye nitrogen, kuita uku kunogona kutora mazuva anosvika zana nemakumi masere.
Kana PLA kurongedza ikasadzikisira pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, maitiro anogona kuburitsa microplastics, iyo yakaipa kune nharaunda.
Nekuti kurongedza kwekofi hakuwanzo kugadzirwa kubva pane chimwe chinhu, maitiro acho anowedzera kuoma.Semuenzaniso, mazhinji emabhegi ekofi anosanganisira zippers, tini zvisungo, kana degassing mavharuvhu.
Inogonawo kuiswa mumutsara kuti ipe imwe nhanho yekudzivirira kudzivirira.Nekuda kwekugona kuti chikamu chega chega chinoda kugadziriswa zvakasiyana, zvinhu zvakaita seizvi zvinogona kuita kuti mabhegi ekofi ePLA anetsa kurasa.
Kushandisa mabhegi ekofi ePLA
Kune vakawanda vanogocha, kushandisa PLA kurongedza kofi isarudzo inoshanda uye ine hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza.
Imwe bhenefiti yakakosha ndeyekuti zvese zviri zviviri pasi uye yakagochwa kofi zvigadzirwa zvakaoma.Izvi zvinoreva kuti mushure mekushandiswa, mabhegi ekofi ePLA haana tsvina uye haafanire kucheneswa.
Vatengi vanogona zvakare kubatsira vanogocha uye zvitoro zvekofi vimbiso yekuti PLA yekurongedza haipere mumarara.Vatengi vanofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti ndeapi mabhegi ekofi e-PLA ekudzokorodza anofanira kuiswa mukati mushure mekushandiswa.Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekuisa mirairo yekuparadzana uye kudzokorodza pane yekurongedza kofi.
Kana pasina kuunganidzwa kwePLA uye nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa dziripo munzvimbo iyi, vanogocha uye macafe ekofi anogona kukurudzira vatengi kuti vadzosere mapaketi avo asina chinhu vachichinjana nekofi yakachipa.
Zvadaro, mamaneja emakambani anogona kuvimbisa kuti mabhegi ekofi ePLA asina chinhu anotumirwa kunzvimbo yakakodzera yekudzokororazve.
PLA yekurongedza kuraswa inogona kuve nyore munguva pfupi iri kutevera.Zvikuru, nyika zana nemakumi manomwe neshanu dzakavimbisa kumisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kuUnited Nations Environment Assembly muna 2022.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mune ramangwana, hurumende dzakawanda dzinogona kuisa mari muzvivakwa zvinodiwa kugadzirisa bioplastics.
Bato rekutora bioplastics riri kuwedzera simba sezvo tsvina yepurasitiki ichiramba ichiparadza nharaunda uye ichikanganisa hutano hwevanhu nemhuka.
Nekubatana nenyanzvi yekurongedza kofi, unogona kushandisa eco-inoshamwaridzika kurongedza ine zvine chekuita uye isingakonzere nyaya nyowani kune chero munhu.
Cyan Pak inotengesa akasiyana mabhegi ekofi anogona kuve akajairwa nePLA yemukati.Kana yakasanganiswa nekraft bepa, inogadzira yakasarudzika biodegradable sarudzo yevatengi.
Yedu yekurongedza ine zvakare inogona kushandiswazve, biodegradable, uye compostable zvinhu senge bepa remupunga, izvo zvese zvinogadzirwa kubva kune zvinogonekazve.
Uyezve, isu tinogona kushandisa kudhinda kwedhijitari kugadzirisa mabhegi ekofi nekuparadzanisa uye kuraira zvakare.Tinogona kupa yakaderera yakaderera odha huwandu (MOQs) yekurongedza chero saizi kana zvinhu.
Degassing mavharuvhu anonyatso shandiswa zvakare uye asina BPA anowanikwawo;zvinogona kudzokororwa pamwe chete nechigadziko chekofi.Aya mavharuvhu haangogadziri chigadzirwa chiri mushandisi-ushamwari kune vatengi asi zvakare kuderedza zvinokuvadza zvinokonzerwa nekofi kurongedza pane zvakatipoteredza.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-19-2023