I-Bioplastics yenziwe ngeepolima ezisekelwe kwi-bio kwaye ziveliswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezizinzileyo nezinokuhlaziywa, ezifana nombona okanye ummoba.
I-Bioplastics isebenza phantse ngokulinganayo kwiiplastiki ezenziwe ngepetroleum, kwaye zikhawuleza zigqithise ekudumeni njengempahla yokupakisha.Uqikelelo oluphawulekayo oluvela kwizazinzulu kukuba i-bioplastics inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70%.Zikwasebenzisa amandla ama-65% ngaphezulu xa zisenziwa, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho luxanduva lwendalo.
Nangona zininzi ezinye iintlobo ze-bioplastics, i-polylactic acid (PLA)-based packaging yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa rhoqo.Kubantu abarosayo abafuna into entle kodwa enoxanduva lokusingqongileyo ukuze bapakishe ikofu yabo, iPLA inamathuba amakhulu kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iingxowa zekhofi ze-PLA zihlaziywa kuphela kwaye zihlaziywa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, zisengozini yokuhlanjululwa.Ii-roasters kunye neecafe zekofu kufuneka zazise abathengi malunga nobume bokupakishwa kwe-PLA kunye nokulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo njengoko ummiselo ufikelela kwicandelo elikhula ngokukhawuleza le-bioplastics.
Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde indlela yokunxibelelana nabathengi ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iingxowa zekofu zePLA ziqhekeke.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-PLA?
Ishishini lefiber eyenziwe yatshintshwa nguWallace Carothers, isazinzulu saseMelika kunye nomqambi, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuphuhlisa inayiloni kunye ne-polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Ukongeza, wafumana i-PLA.I-Carothers kunye nezinye izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba i-lactic acid ecocekileyo inokuguqulwa kwaye idityaniswe kwiipolymers.
Izilondolozo zokutya eziqhelekileyo, iziqholo, kunye neearhente zokunyanga ziquka i-lactic acid.Ngokuyibilisa ngestatshi kunye nezinye iipolysaccharides okanye iiswekile ezininzi kwizityalo, ziyakwazi ukuguqulwa zibe iipolymers.
Isiphumo sepolima sinokusetyenziselwa ukwenza imicu ye-thermoplastic engenabungozi, enokubola.
Ukuchasana kwayo ngoomatshini kunye ne-thermal nangona kunjalo kulinganiselwe.Ngenxa yoko, yalahlekelwa yi-polyethylene terephthalate, eyayifumaneka ngokubanzi ngelo xesha.
Ngaphandle koku, i-PLA inokuqeshwa kwi-biomedicine ngenxa yobunzima bayo obuphantsi kunye ne-biocompatibility, ngakumbi njengesixhobo sobunjineli se-tissue scaffold, sutures, okanye izikrufu.
Ezi zinto zinokuhlala kwindawo okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuthotywa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ngaphandle komonakalo ngenxa ye-PLA.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukudibanisa i-PLA kunye nesitatshi esithile kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokonakaliswa kwezinto eziphilayo ngelixa kuncitshiswa iindleko zemveliso.Oku kube negalelo ekudalweni kwefilimu yePLA enokusetyenziswa ukwenza ukupakishwa okubhetyebhetye xa kudityaniswe nesitofu sokubumba kunye nezinye iindlela zokusetyenzwa kwenyibiliko.
Abaphandi balindele ukuba i-PLA iya kuba nexabiso elithe kratya lokuvelisa, ezo ziindaba ezimnandi kwiivenkile zekofu kunye neeroasters.
Njengoko imfuno yokupakishwa ebhetyebhetye inyuka ngenxa yokhetho lwabathengi kwizinto ezilungele ukusingqongileyo kunye nezixhobo zokupakisha ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, imakethi ye-PLA yehlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba idlule kwi-2.7 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2030.
Ukongeza, iPLA inokwenziwa ngenkunkuma yezolimo namahlathi ukunqanda ukukhuphisana nemithombo yokutya.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iingxowa zekofu zePLA zibole?
Iipholima zemveli ezenziwe ngepetroleum zinokuthatha ukuya kutsho kwiwaka leminyaka ukubola.
Kungenjalo, ukophuka kwe-PLA ibe yikharbon diokside (CO2) kunye namanzi kunokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwiminyaka emibini.
Ngaphandle koku, izibonelelo zokuqokelela iPLA zisalungelelaniswa neshishini elikhulayo le-bioplastics.Kuphela yi-16% yenkunkuma enokuthi iqokelelwe kwi-European Union.
Ngenxa yokuxhaphaka kokupakishwa kwePLA, kuyenzeka ukuba ingcolise imijelo eyahlukeneyo yenkunkuma, ixube neeplastiki eziqhelekileyo, kwaye iphele kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma okanye kwizitshisi.
Iingxowa zekofu ezenziwe ngePLA kufuneka zilahlwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo yokwenziwa komgquba kwimizi-mveliso apho zinokubola ngokupheleleyo.Ngenxa yeqela elithile lamaqondo obushushu kunye nezixa zecarbon, ioksijini, nenitrogen, le nkqubo inokuthabatha iintsuku ezili-180.
Ukuba ukupakishwa kwe-PLA akuthobi phantsi kwezi meko, inkqubo inokuvelisa ii-microplastics, ezingalunganga kokusingqongileyo.
Ngenxa yokuba ukupakishwa kwekofu kunqabile ukuba kwakhiwe kwinto enye, inkqubo iba nzima ngakumbi.Ngokomzekelo, uninzi lweebhegi zekofu ziquka i-zippers, i-tin ties, okanye i-valve ye-degassing.
Inokuthi ifakwe umgca wokubonelela ngoluhlu olongezelelweyo lokukhusela umqobo.Ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba icandelo ngalinye kufuneka liqwalaselwe ngokwahlukeneyo, izinto ezifana nezi zinokwenza iingxowa zekofu zePLA kube nzima ukuzilahla.
Ukusebenzisa iibhegi zekofu zePLA
Kwabaninzi abaqhotsayo, ukusebenzisa i-PLA ukupakisha ikofu lukhetho olusebenzayo kunye nobuhlobo bendalo.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo kukuba zombini ikofu egayiweyo kunye neyosiweyo yimveliso eyomileyo.Oku kuthetha ukuba emva kokusetyenziswa, iingxowa zekofu ze-PLA azinangcoliseko kwaye akufuneki zicocwe.
Abathengi banokuphinda bancedise abaroki kunye neevenkile zekofu ziqinisekise ukuba ukupakishwa kwe-PLA akupheli kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma.Abathengi kufuneka baqonde ukuba zeziphi iibhegi zekofu zokurisayikilisha ze-PLA ekufuneka zifakwe emva kokusetyenziswa.Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokubeka imiyalelo yokwahlula kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwipakethe yekofu.
Ukuba akukho ngqokelela ye-PLA kunye neendawo zokusetyenzwa zikhoyo kule ndawo, iiroyitha kunye neekhefi zekofu zinokukhuthaza abathengi ukuba babuyise iipakethe zabo ezingenanto ukutshintshiselana nekofu enexabiso eliphantsi.
Emva koko, abaphathi benkampani banokuqinisekisa ukuba iingxowa zekofu ze-PLA ezingenanto zithunyelwa kwindawo efanelekileyo yokuphinda isetyenziswe.
Ukulahlwa kokupakishwa kwe-PLA kunokuba lula kwixesha elizayo elingekude.Ngokucacileyo, amazwe ali-175 athembisa ukumisa ungcoliseko lweplastiki kwiNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yokusiNgqongileyo ngo-2022.
Ngenxa yoko, kwixa elizayo, oorhulumente abaninzi banokutyala imali kwiziseko eziyimfuneko zokuqhuba i-bioplastics.
Intshukumo eya ekwamkeleni i-bioplastics iya isanda njengoko inkunkuma yeplastiki iqhubeka nokutshabalalisa okusingqongileyo kwaye ichaphazela impilo yabantu neyezilwanyana.
Ngokusebenzisana nengcaphephe yokupakisha ikofu, ungasebenzisa ukupakishwa kwe-eco-friendly enefuthe lokwenyani kwaye engabangeli miba mitsha kuye nabani na.
I-Cyan Pak ithengisa iindidi zeebhegi zekofu ezinokuthi zenziwe ngokwezifiso kunye ne-PLA yangaphakathi.Xa idityaniswe nephepha le-kraft, idala ukhetho olunokonakala ngokupheleleyo kubathengi.
Ukupakishwa kwethu kukwanezixhobo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, ziboleke, kunye nezinto ezivundisiweyo njengephepha lerayisi, zonke zenziwe ngezinto ezivuselelekayo.
Ngaphaya koko, sinokusebenzisa ushicilelo lwedijithali ukwenza ibhegi yekofu ibe yeyakho ngokwahlula kunye nemiyalelo yokuphinda isetyenziswe.Sinokubonelela ngemilinganiselo ephantsi ye-odolo (MOQs) yokupakisha nayiphi na isayizi okanye izinto eziphathekayo.
Iivalvu zokukhupha amanzi eziphinda zisetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ezingenayo i-BPA zikwakhona;zinokuphinda zisetyenziselwe enye inkonkxa yekofu.Ezi zivalo azenzi nje imveliso esebenziseka lula kubathengi kodwa zinciphisa iziphumo ezinobungozi zokupakishwa kwekofu kokusingqongileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-19-2023